The previous Vegetarian Timeline : The 19th Century up to 1888

• Aspects of British Vegetarianism within the period on this page: Socialism | The Simple Life | Edward Carpenter | Dress Reform and Naturism | Sexuality | Feminism | Medicine | Anti-Vivisection | Religions: Shared Themes | Religions: Main Movements - from Julia Twigg's thesis, 1981
  
  
• 1889
  - Arnold Hills (1857-1927) - founded the London Vegetarian Society (1888) and the Vegetarian Federal Union (1889)
  • July - Preliminary LVS Committe meeting and Draft Constitution of 'The Vegetarian Union'
  • September - 1st International Congress - Cologne, Germany
    -- Pre-Congress Notices and Program (London)
    -- Pre-Congress Notices (Manchester)
    -- Report on the Congress (London)
    -- Report on the Congress (Manchester)
    -- International Vegetarianism - address by the President
    -- The International Union for a Humane Mode of Life - an attempt at an international union of individual members, from Germany.
  • October - Inaugural meeting and Constitution of the 'Vegetarian Federal Union' - London, October 1
    -- 2nd VFU meeting, Manchester, October 21
  • December - The Vegetarian Federal Union, its possibilities and its policy - by Arnold Hills, The Vegetarian, December 21
    
  - Leo Tolstoi - an article from The Vegetarian (London), 1889.
  - Charles Fillmore (1854-1948) - USA, founded the Unity Church in 1889
  - Chicago Vegetarian Society USA
  
  
• 1890
  
  • January - 3rd VFU Meeting, London, January 7
    -- Count Tolstoi and his Work - from The Vegetarian (London), January 23
    -- The Work in Australia - from The Vegetarian, January 25
  • April - The Vegetarian Movement in Germany - by Dr. Paul Förster, The Vegetarian, April 26
  • May - Report of the innaugural meeting of the Irish Vegetarian Union
    -- 4th VFU Meeting, Norwich, May 20, 1890 - as reported from London
    -- Another view of the same meeting - from the Vegetarian Society, Manchester
    -- Kansas City Vegetarian Society USA
    
  • September - 5th VFU Meeting, London, September 10
    -- Australia Reported from England: 1890
    -- 2nd International Congess - London, England, September 11-13
    -- Pre- and Post-Congress Notes - from The Vegetarian Messenger, Manchester
    -- Programme of Proceedings - from The Vegetarian, London
    -- Report of the Congress - printed in both the London and Manchester journals
    -- Natural Food - introduction only of a talk by Herr Von Seefeld, Germany
    -- The Staff of Life (wholemeal bread) - a paper read at the Congress by Miss May Yates, UK
    -- Petition to Parliament (from The Vegetarian Messenger, Manchester)
  • - November - Punjab Vegetarian Society - Lahore, India (now Pakistan)
    
  
  Those below were now becoming actively involved, and most seem to have attended the Congress in September:
• W.E.A. Axon (1846-1913) - Bible Christian and prominent in The Vegetarian Society, President of the 1909 IVU Congress
• Annie Besant (1847-1933) UK
  - 100% Ahimsa - undated address by Annie Besant in California
• Henry S. Salt (1851-1939) UK
  - Extracts from Salt's Books and Articles
  - Some of Henry Salt's Poems
• George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950)
  - Writings and Quotes on Vegetariansim
  - Writings on Vivisection
  - Writings and Quotes on Animals
• Dr. T. R. Allinson (1858-1918) - dietetic and bread reformer
• Dr. Josiah Oldfield MA, DCL, MRCS, LRCP (1863-1953)
• Mohandas K. Gandhi (1869-1948) - joined the Committee of the London Vegetarian Society in 1890
  - Mahatma Gandhi’s early days in England - by Nitin Mehta
  -- Italiano I primi tempi del Mahatma Gandhi in Inghilterra
  - Vegetarian Experiments - extracts from the 1925 autobiography
  - Some aspects on the life and thoughts of Mahatma Gandhi - from The Vegetarian, UK, 1984
  -- Italiano Esperimenti con la verità
  - Vegetarianism: The Road to Satyagraha - Arun M. Sannuti
• Eva Gore Booth (1870-1926) - Ireland, women's suffragist
  
  
• 1891
  • February - Indian Vegetarians - Gandhi, part I, The Vegetarian, February 7
    - Indian Vegetarians - Gandhi, part II, The Vegetarian, February 14
    - Indian Vegetarians - Gandhi, part III, The Vegetarian, February 21
    - Indian Vegetarians - Gandhi, part IV, The Vegetarian, February 28
  • March - Indian Vegetarians - Gandhi, part V, The Vegetarian, March 7
    - Editorial comment about Gandhi - The Vegetarian, March 14
    - Indian Shepherds - Gandhi, part VI, The Vegetarian, March 14
    - Some Indian Festivals - Divali - Gandhi, The Vegetarian, March 28
  • April - Some Indian Festivals - Holi - Gandhi, The Vegetarian, April 25
  • May - VFU Annual meeting, Portsmouth, May 5th & 6th, 1891
    - VFU Secretary's Report read at the Portsmouth meeting
    - The Foods of India - text of Gandhi's talk at Portsmouth, May 6
    - Battle Creek, Michigan, Vegetarian Society USA
    - Portland, Oregon, Vegetarian Society USA
  • June - Valparaiso Vegetarian Society - Chile
    - Editorial comment about Gandhi leaving England, and report of the farewell dinner - The Vegetarian, June 13
    - Our Workers - (an extensive interview with Gandhi, part 1) - The Vegetarian, June 13
    - Mr. Gandhi's Narrative (concluded) - The Vegetarian, June 20
    - On my way home again to India (June 1891) - The Vegetarian, April 9, 1892
    - On my way home again to India (concluded) - The Vegetarian, April 16, 1892
  • September - Proposed 3rd International Congress, Brussels, Belgium, September 1891 (cancelled)
  • October - Notes from Australia
    -- VFU half yearly meeting, Cambridge, October 8th
    
  - The Humanitarian League - founded by Henry Salt, from Julia Twigg's thesis, 1981
  
  
• 1892
  • February - Australia Reported from England: 1892
  • May - VFU Annual Meeting, London, May 26
  • June - Deutscher Vegetarier Bund Germany
  • November - Semi-annual VFU Meeting - London, November 7
  - Scottish Vegetarian Society
  - Extract from 'The First Step' - Tolstoy, published 1892
  -- Español - Extracto de "El Primer Paso"
  - On Henry Salt's "Animals' Rights" - published 1892
  
  
• 1893
  • January - VFU Annual Meeting - London, January 23
  • June - 3rd International Vegetarian Congress - Chicago, USA
    - Pre-Congress Notices - from London and Manchester, UK
    - Vegetarianism and Peace - by William E. A. Axon, England
    - The Joyous Message of Vegetarianism - by Dr. Paul Förster, Germany
    - Tendencies of Vegetarianism - by William E. A. Axon, England
    - Preliminary Congress Report - from the Vegetarian Messenger, Manchester
    - Report from the Organising Secretary - from The Vegetarian, London
    - Report of the Deputation from the Vegetarian Society - from the Vegetarian Messenger, Manchester
    - To Chicago ! - extracts from a series of articles about the trip The Vegetarian, London
    - Welcome home to the deputation - from the Vegetarian Messenger, Manchester
    - The Vegetarian Annexe at the World's Fair - from The Vegetarian, London
    - Later notes - from the Vegetarian Messenger, Manchester
    - Echoes of the Chicago Exhibition - by the Rev. Henry S. Clubb, President of the Vegetarian Society of America, reflecting on the Congress.
    
  • July - VFU Semi-annual meeting - London, July 15
    - English Misrule in India - Gandhi, The Vegetarian, July 29
  • September - VFU Executive Committee meeting - September 15, London
  • October - VFU Autumn Congress - October 24, Bolton
    
    
• 1894
  • January - VFU Annual Meeting - January 18, London
  • April - To Indians in England (from South Africa) - Gandhi, The Vegetarian, April 28
  • September - Nederlandse Vegetariërs-Bond - history in English
  • November - VFU Autumn Congress - November 21, Brighton
    
  - Vegetarianism in the light of Theosophy - Annie Besant, extract from a lecture
  - A Pioneer Vegetarian's Prophecy in 1894 - Josiah Oldfield, from the 1957 IVU Congress book
  - Australia Reported from England: Local Societies 1894-97
  - Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) India, poet, Nobel prize for literature
  
  
• 1895
  • January - VFU Annual Meeting and Congress - January 17, London
  • March - VFU Executive and Editorial Committees - March 11 & 15, London
    - Svenska Vegetariska Föreningens - history in English
  • April - New York Vegetarian Society USA
  • May - A Band of Vegetarian Missionaries, and their work in South Africa - Gandhi, The Vegetarian, May 18
  • July - VFU Semi-annual meeting - July 19, 1895, London
  • November - VFU Autumn Congress - November 21, Birmingham
  • December - Vegetarianism in Natal (South Africa) - Gandhi, The Vegetarian, December 21
    
    
• 1896
  • January - VFU Annual Meeting - January 24, London
  • March - Vegetarianism - copy of a letter to the Editor of the Natal Mercury - Gandhi, The Vegetarian, March 28
  • July - VFU Semi-annual meeting - July 24, London
    -- Our Jubilee - by A. F. Hills. VFU fund for the coming 50th anniversary of the Vegetarian Society in 1897.
  • September - VFU Committee Meeting - September 16, London
  • November - VFU Autumn Congress - November 5th, Bristol
    -- VFU Commitee Meeting - November 20, London.
  - Dansk Vegetarforening - history in English
  - Walter Hadwen (1854-1932) - anti-vivisectionist, President of BUAV, UK
  
  
• 1897
  • September - 4th International Congress, London, September
    - Pre Congress notes from Manchester
    - The Congress Programme and some pre-Congress notices
    - The Exhibition, The President's Address and Conversazione (Monday)
    - A Day of "Papers" (Tuesday)
    - Wednesday's Proceedings
    - Thursday - A Day Off
    - The Last Day (Friday)
    - As Others See Us - the Press and the Congress
    - Vegetarians Only!!!
    - Report from The Vegetarian Messenger (Manchester)
    
  • October - Annie Besant speech - given at Manchester UK, 18 October
  • November - Count Tolstoi's Socialism - from The Vegetarian (London), November 11
  - VFU Meetings and reports from 1897
  - Societé Belge pour l'etude de La Réforme Alimentaire
  - 8th Annual Report of VFU, covering 1897 - published in 1898
  - Preface - A. F. Hills, President
  - Secretary's Report for 1897
  - Reports from the VFU Provinces: South-West Province | Midland Province | Berkshire | Newcastle and District | Welsh Province | Ireland |
  - Reports from British Societies: The Vegetarian Society | London | Battersea Clapham and Wandsworth | Bermondsey | Birmingham | Bolton | Brighton | Coventry | Croydon | Devon and Exeter | Dundee | Dunfermline | Kilburn | Liverpool | Newcastle | Northern Heights (London) | Paddington | Reading | Scotland | West Ham | Hants and Portsmouth |
  - Reports from overseas Societies: America | Denmark | Germany | Holland | Ireland | Australia | Oregon, USA | Women's International |
  - VFU Financial Reports: Fees from Affiliated Societies | Jubilee Fund | Statement for the Year Ending 31st December, 1897
  - Rev. Dr. Walter Walsh (1857-1931) - peace and temperance advocate
  - James Henry Cousins (1873-1956) Ireland, writer
  - Emerich Rath (1883-1962) - Prague born vegetarian sportsman Emerich Rath was famous in the first half of the 20th century, vegetarian from 1897
  
  
• 1898
  - VFU Meetings and reports from 1898
  - National Congress, London, and further meetings, 1898
  - A Visit to America - by the Rev. James Clark, Vice President of the Vegetarian Society (UK)
  
  
• 1899
  - Paul Troubetzkoy (1866-1938) sculptor from Rusian family, famous work from around this time
  - Notes about VFU from 1899
  - Vegetarian Society, Milan
  - Cecil Sharp (1859-1924) - collected English folk songs from 1899
  - Maurice Maeterlinck (1862-1949) - Belgium, Nobel prize for literature
  - Ralph Waldo Trine (1866-1958) - published Every Living Creature in 1899
  
  
• 1900
  • Jan-Mar - - VFU Annual and Committee meetings, January - March
  • May/June - VFU Committe and pre-congress notes
  • June - 5th International Vegetarian Congress, Paris, France
    - Pre-Congress notes
    - Congress Programme
    - Detailed Congress report from the Vegetarian Messenger (Manchester)
    - Brief Congress Report - from The Vegetarian (London)
    - Relics of Paris Exhibition - a report from a few months later
  • July-Dec - VFU Commitee minutes July-December 1900
  - Two VFU leaflets from 1900: "A Plan of Campaign" (about VFU) and "How to Form a Local Society"
  - Nikola Tesla (1857-1943) - Serbia/USA, inventor, includes articles from 1900
  - George Arliss (1868-1946) - English born actor, Oscar winner
  - Dr. Ernest Nyssens (1869-1956) - Belgium, at the Paris 1900 Congress, organiser of the 1910 IVU Congress in Brussels
  
  
• 1901
  - Notes from VFU, 1901
  - St. Petersburg Vegetarian Society - Russia
  
  
• 1902
  - Notes from VFU, 1902
  - Friends Vegetarian Society (Quakers) UK
  - Ernest Bell (1851-1933) - author, publisher, became President of the Vegetarian Society, UK
  - Romain Rolland (1866-1944) - France, Nobel prize for literature
  
  
• 1903
  April - Facts for Emigrants to South Africa - Gandhi, The Vegetarian, April 25
  - Notes from VFU, 1903
  - Norsk Vegetarforening - Norway, history in English
  
  
• 1904
  - International Vegetarian Congress in St. Louis, USA, 1904
  - Rev. John Todd Ferrier (1855-1943) - founded the Order of the Cross in 1904
  
  
• 1905
  - Spanish Vegetarian Society
  - Dr Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) - to Africa in 1905, Nobel peace prize
  
  
• 1906
  - Athena Hygeia Humane Diet Society - Greece
  
  
• 1907
  - The 60th Anniversary of the Vegetarian Society - which included the Congress below:
  - International Vegetarian Congress 1907 - with a plea for a new International Vegetarian Federation to replace the VFU
  
  
  1908 saw the the founding of IVU - see the IVU History page for what happened next . . .