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Note - it is not claimed that everyone one this page was a strict vegetarian! But they often had interesting views that are relevant to the wider issues.
- Omnivorous or Vegetarian? - What famous naturalists think about it. by Professor Luis Vallejo Rodríguez (EVU News 1996)
- Vegetarianism and Archaeology by Derek Wall, B.Sc (The Vegetarian, UK, 1988)
- What Did Our Ancestors Eat?
(personal file 1994)
 Hebrew Religion of Israel (World Vegetarian Congress 1957)
- Judaism and Vegetarianism Ted Altar (c.1994)
- Is there a basis in Jewish Ethics for Mandatory Veganism or a Humane Farm Animal Diet - Phineas Leahy 2003
- The Vision of Eden: Animal Welfare and Vegetarianism in Jewish Law and Mysticism (book review 2003)
- Vegetarianism 8th century BC to 5th century AD - Hesiod, Pythagoras, Cyrus the Great, Herodotus, Empedokles, Plato, Ovid, Cicero, Seneca, Plutarch, Tertullian, St. Clement of Alexandria, Porphyry, St. Basil the Great, St. Jerome. St. Augustine, Chrysostum (IVU World Vegetarian Congress, India, 1957)
- Animal Minds and Human Morals - book review dealing with early Greek and Christian philosophies.
- Native Americans and Vegetarianism (Vegetarian Journal 1994)
- 800BC - Hesiod (c. 8th century BC)
Greece
- 628BC - Zoroaster / Zarathustra (628?-551?BC) Persia
-- Español - Zoroastro
- 604BC - China & Vegetarianism - a personal view by Ting Jen, Indonesia (c.2001)
- 599BC - Mahavira (599-527 BC) India, founder of Jainism
- Dietary code of practice amongst Jains (WVC 2000)
 -- Italiano Il canone alimentare dei Jainisti
- Glimpse of the Fabulous Jains (World Forum 1956)
- Jainism (World Congress 1957)
- Teaching of Jainism (World Congress 1957)
- Outlines of Jainism (PDF 7mb) by Jagmanderlal Jaini M.A., Indore. Pub. Cambridge, 1916.
- The Kalpa Sutra, and Nava Tatva: two works illustrative of the Jain religion and philosophy (PDF 7mb) trans. & appendix by J. Stevenson, Bombay. Pub. London, 1818
- Jaina Sutras Part I (PDF 22mb) trans. Hermann Jacobi, Oxford 1884 (reprinted India 1964).
 580BC - Pythagoras (?580-?500 BC) Greece
- Pythagoras - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- 563BC - Buddha (?563-483 BC) - vegetarian?
-- Italiano Budda (?563-483 a.C.) - vegetariano?
-- Español - Buda
-- Magyar - Buddha (?563-483 BC) - vegetarianus?
- Sakya Muni/Siddartha/Buddha - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- Did Lord Buddha Countenance Meat Eating? (IVU World Vegetarian Congress, India, 1957)
- Buddha and Vegetarianism - the path to non-violence - as above
- A Buddhist Perspective on Vegetarianism (personal view, 1995)
-- Español - Una Perspectiva Budista sobre el Vegetarianismo
-- Italiano Una prospettiva buddista del vegetarismo
 -
A Buddhist View of Vegetarianism (personal view, c.2001)
- Jon Wynne-Tyson on Buddha/Buddhism (Food for a Future, 1975)
- Texts from the Buddhist canon, commonly known as Dhammapada, with accompanying narratives (PDF 9mb) trans. Samuel Beal, Prof. of Chinese, London, 1878.
- The Lankavatara Sutra; a Mahayana text (PDF 9mb) trans. Daisetz Teitaro Suzuki, London, 1932
- 540BC - Orphic Communities (c540 BC - ?) Greece
- Italiano Comunità orfiche
- 520BC - Cyrus the Great (c.520BC) Persia
- 484BC - Herodotus (484-425BC) Greece
- 480BC - Empedokles (?480-430BC)
Greece
- Empedokles - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- The Fragments of Empedocles (PDF 5mb) trans. W.E. Leonard Ph.D., Chicago, 1908. Part 2 refers to transmigration of souls and the Orphic/Pythagorean traditions.
 470BC - Socrates (?470-399 BC) Greece
- Español - Socrates
- Português - Sócrates
- 445BC - Antisthenes (?445-365 BC)
Greece
- 427BC - Plato (?427-?347 BC)
Greece
- Plato - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- Plato's Republic (PDF 7mb) trans. Lewis Campbell M.A., LL.D., London, 1902. In Books II & III develops the dietary ideas of Pythagoras.
- 412BC - Diogenes (?412-?323 BC) Greece
- Italiano - Diogene
- The Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers (PDF 15mb) by Diogenes Laertius, trans. C. D. Yonge B.A., London, 1853. Includes sections on Pythagoras, Empedocles, etc.
- 384BC - Aristotle (384-322BC)
Greece
- Español - Aristóteles
- 372BC - Theophrastus (?372-?287BC)
Greece
 341BC - Epicurus (341-270BC) Greece
- Español - Epicurus
- 300BC - The Vegetarian Movement in Sri Lanka (IVU World Vegetarian Congress, 1999)
- Vegetarianism and Vegetarians in Japan (IVU News, 1998)
- Español - El Vegetarianismo y los Vegetarianos en Japón
- Français - Végétarisme et Végétariens au Japon
- Indonesia - Vegetarianisme dan Vegetarian di Jepang
- Magyar - Vegetarianizmus es a vegetarianusok Japanban
- 273BC - King Asoka of India (273?-232 BC)
- Asoka - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- Asoka, the Buddhist emperor of India (PDF 9mb) by Vincent A. Smith M.R.A.S., Oxford, 1901. Banned all animal slaughter in India.
- 200BC - Hinduism - "Hinduism has prehistoric roots . . . Classical Hinduism emerges with the decline of Buddhism in India from the 2nd century BC "
- Hinduism (IVU World Vegetarian Congress, India, 1957)
- The Hindu Attitude Towards Vegetarianism (as above)
- Hinduism and Vegetarianism (IVU News, 2000)
- Why Hindus Don't Eat Meat (Himalayan Academy 1993)
- The Laws of Manu (PDF 36mb) trans. George Bühler, Oxford, 1886. Somewhat disputed Hindu texts... does not prohibit meat eating but: p.174, Law 48: "Meat can never be obtained without injury to
living creatures, and injury to sentient beings is
detrimental to (the attainment of) heavenly bliss
;
let him therefore shun (the use of) meat."
- 106BC - Cicero (106-43 B.C.) Rome
- 43BC - Ovid (Publius Ovidius Naso) (43 BC - AD 17) Rome
- Español - Ovidio
- Ovid - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- Ovid's Metamorphoses (PDF 42mb) This edition pub. London 1822. Book 15, p.516 is a biography of Pythagoras. p.519: 'He first forbid animal food to be served up at the tables
of men'.
- 5BC - Seneca (c.5 BC - AD 65)
Rome
- Seneca - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- Seneca's Morals (PDF 17mb) - trans Sir Roger L'Estrange, New York, c.1870. p110 : "I gave over eating of flesh"
- Apollonius of Tyana c.3 B.C. - c.97 A.D. - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- - Was Christ a Vegetarian? (Ted Altar c.1995)
- Christianity : Jesus was a Vegetarian (World Congress 1957)
- Does meat consumption corrupt the Eucharist? (c.2003)
 - Ethics, Christianity and Vegetarianism (European Congress 1997)
-
- Italiano Etica, cristianesimo e vegetarismo
- Religion & Vegetarianism / Are Christians Vegetarians? (IVU News 1996)
- - Español - Religión y vegetarianismo / ¿Son los cristianos vegetarianos?
- - Português - Religião & Vegetarianismo / São os Cristãos Vegetarianos?
- The Cruelty and Wastefulness of Meat Eating - a Quaker view (IVU News 1998)
- The Golden Age Must Return - A Catholic's Views on Vegetarianism (IVU World Vegetarian Congress 1965)
- The Mass of Christ (Poem 1957)
- The Misrepresentation of Jesus' Directives (Food for a Future, 1975)
- - Español - La Tergiversación de los Mandatos de Jesús
- - Indonesia - Kesalahpahaman atas Ajaran yang Diberikan Yesus
- The Essenes (IVU News 1996)
- - Español - Los Esenios
- - Português - Os Essênios
- The Way of Jesus the Nazirene or "The Way vs. The Church" - Essenes (IVU World Vegetarian Congress 1996)
- The Early Christian Church - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- The Ante-Nicene Fathers: (PDF 52mb) Translations of the Writings of the Fathers down to A.D. 325 edited by A. Roberts and J. Donaldson, Vol.2 (of 10 vols.) See: On Eating.
- - Gaius Musonius Rufus (1st Century A.D.)
- from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- 46AD - Plutarch (c.AD 46-c.120)
Greece
- Plutarch's Morals Vol.5 (PDF 27mb) edited by W. W. Goodwin Ph.D, Harvard, 1878. Includes the essay 'Of Eating Flesh'
- 150 - St.Clement of Alexandria (c.150-215)
Christian
- Clement of Alexandria - Titus Flavius Clemens: Died 220 (?) A.D.- from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- 160 - Tertullian (?160-?220) Christian
- Tertullian - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- 205 - Plotinus (?205-?270) Rome
- Italiano - Plotino
- 233 - Porphyry (233 - 304) Greece
- Porphyry - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- Select Works of Porphyry: Containing His Four Books On Abstinence from Animal Food; etc. (PDF 10mb) - trans. T. Taylor, London, 1823
- 250 - Iamblichus(c.250-c.325) Greece
- 330 - St.Basil (Bishop of Caesarea) (330-379)
- 331 - Emperor Julian (331-363) - Flavius Claudius Julianus, also known as Julian the Apostate- from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- 340 - St. Jerome (340-320)
- 347 - St.John Chrysostom (c.347-407)
- Chrysostom - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- 354 - St. Augustine (354-430)
- 5th Century - Christian and Western Literature 5th Century to 16th Century - from The Ethics of Diet, by Howard Williams 1883
- 570 - Islam (World Congress 1957)
- Islamic duty of compassion towards animals (IVU News, 1996)
- Sufism (World Congress 1957)
- 1000-1300 - The Cathars (11th - 13th Centuries)
-- Français - Les Cathars
- 1066 - Food in England Since 1066 -- A Vegetarian Evolution? (compiled 1992)
- 1135 - Maimonedes (Rabbi Moses ben Maimon) (1135-1204)
- Español - Maimónides
- 1181 - St.Francis of Assisi (1181-1226)
- Deutsch - St. Franziskus von Assisi
- Italiano - San Francesco d'Assisi
- Magyar - Assisi Szent Ferenc
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